Karl von Terzaghi, who is the founder of geotechnical engineering or the father of soil mechanics, investigated Haliç clay in Turkey and laid the foundation of geotechnical science. Looking at the history of geotechnical engineering, Turkey is an important place. Today, the latest technologies used in geotechnical soil applications are problematic for transportation power with the increase in industrialization and different kinds of construction. With an increasing number of wall demolitions, Skempton presented calculations in 1979. The recommendations that resulted from these studies are now being applied as a landslide analysis method known as the Swedish slice method. Many studies were carried out in the 1910s due to the large number of landslides and docks that occurred in Sweden. For this reason, geotechnical applications in soils have become obligatory. Even when they are well designed, the safety of an engineering structure cannot be ensured when there is inadequate bearing capacity, high swelling/shrinking potential and settlement (compression) of the soil. Unsupported are either fly or float or fall”. As Richard said in 1995, “is supported by almost every construction ground or rocks. All types of engineering structures such as residential buildings, service buildings, bridges, dams, roads and airports are located on or in the ground. Therefore, examinations of the heterogeneous nature of soils require the resolution of complex problems. Geotechnical engineers also examine billions of years of geological history through soils. Geotechnical engineers consider landslides and earthquakes when planning and designing structures for buildings, roads, embankments and landfills. Subsequently, the obtained data are processed and interpreted.
The properties, behavior and performance of soils are addressed by engineering mechanics. Geotechnical engineering addresses the application of engineering mechanics to soil and rock problems. Geotechnical engineering is also called geotechnique engineering or geomechanics.
Geotechnical engineering is a broad discipline consisting of soil mechanics and foundation engineering.
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